10.1 Introduction
10.2 Molluscs as Food
10.2.1 Some Commercially Important Species Caught in Wild Fisheries
10.2.2 Aquaculture and Mariculture
10.2.2.1 Stock Enhancement by ‘Seeding’
10.2.2.2 Oyster Mariculture
10.2.2.3 Mussel Mariculture
10.2.2.4 Pearl Oyster Mariculture
10.2.2.5 Scallop Mariculture
10.2.2.6 ‘Clam’ Mariculture
10.2.2.7 Abalone Mariculture
10.2.2.8 Cephalopod Mariculture
10.2.2.9 Heliciculture
10.2.2.10 Some Diseases Affecting Farmed Molluscs
10.3 Molluscs in Culture and Society
10.3.1 Pearls and Pearl Shell
10.3.2 Cultural Objects and Ornaments
10.3.3 Molluscs and Religion
10.3.4 Myths, Fables, and Legends
10.3.5 Molluscs in Paintings
10.3.6 Recreational Activities
10.3.7 Shell Collecting
10.3.8 Mollusc Photography
10.4 Some Medical and Commercial Applications
10.4.1 Medicines and Medical Applications
10.4.2 Other Practical Uses, Including Biomaterials
10.4.3 Molluscs as Experimental Animals
10.4.3.1 Animal Welfare Issues When Working with Molluscs
10.5 Molluscs as Disease Vectors
10.6 Pollution and Heavy Metal Indicators/Monitoring
10.7 Molluscs as Pests
10.7.1 Molluscan Invaders
10.7.1.1 Some Characteristics That Make a Successful Invader
10.7.1.2 Terrestrial Invasive Species
10.7.1.3 Fresh-Water Invasive Species
10.7.1.4 Marine Invasive Species
10.7.1.5 Homogenisation of Faunas
10.7.2 Biological Control
10.7.3 Marine Fouling and Boring
10.8 Poisonous and Venomous Molluscs
10.8.1 Molluscs and Pathogens
10.8.1.1 Shellfish Poisoning
10.8.2 Infections Caused by Eating Molluscs
10.8.3 Poisoning due to Toxins
10.9 Human Impacts on Molluscs and Their Conservation
10.9.1 Impacts on Non-Marine Molluscs
10.9.1.1 Fresh-Water Mussels (Unionoidea)
10.9.1.2 Overharvesting of Non-Marine Molluscs
10.9.2 Impacts on Marine Molluscs
10.9.2.1 Overharvesting of Marine Molluscs
10.9.3 The Shell Trade and Shell Collecting
10.9.4 Narrow-Range Taxa
10.9.5 Pollution and Its Impacts
10.9.5.1 Endocrine Disruption
10.9.5.2 Acidification
10.9.5.3 Climate Change
10.9.6 Oxygen Depletion
10.9.7 Lack of Knowledge and Unequal Effort