5.1 General Introduction
5.2 Feeding
5.2.1 Major Feeding Innovations
5.2.1.1 Microphagous Feeding on Biofilms
5.2.1.2 Particle-Feeding
5.2.1.3 Scraping Hard Surfaces
5.2.1.4 Omnivorous Feeding
5.2.1.5 Herbivorous Feeding
5.2.1.6 Fungal-Feeding
5.2.1.7 Carnivorous Feeding
5.2.1.8 Kleptoparasitism
5.2.1.9 Coprophagy
5.2.1.10 Specialised Feeding on Deep-Sea Biogenic Substrata
5.2.1.11 The Use of Solar Power and Chemoautotrophy
5.2.1.12 Bacterial Symbionts
5.2.1.13 Dietary Diversification
5.2.1.14 Some Behavioural Aspects of Feeding
5.3 Digestive System
5.3.1 Development and Evolution of the Molluscan Digestive System
5.3.2 The Foregut
5.3.2.1 The Mouth, Jaws, Buccal Cavity, and the Acquisition and Ingestion of Food
5.3.2.2 Sublingual (Subradular) Pouches and Associated Structures
5.3.2.3 The Buccal Mass
5.3.2.4 Radula and Radular Sac
5.3.2.5 Foregut Glands
5.3.2.6 Buccal and Oesophageal Pouches
5.3.2.7 The Oesophagus
5.3.3 The Midgut
5.3.3.1 The Stomach and Style Sac
5.3.3.2 Digestive Glands
5.3.3.3 Digestive Duct Appendages (‘Pancreas’) of Coleoid Cephalopods
5.3.4 The Hindgut – The Intestine and Rectum
5.3.4.1 Aplacophorans
5.3.4.2 Polyplacophora
5.3.4.3 Monoplacophora ............................................................................................................ 251
5.3.4.4 Scaphopoda
5.3.4.5 Bivalvia
5.3.4.6 Gastropoda
5.3.4.7 Cephalopoda
5.3.4.8 Faecal Material
5.3.4.9 Rectal Gland of Scaphopods
5.3.4.10 Anal (= Rectal) Gland of Gastropods
5.3.4.11 Ink Gland of Cephalopods
5.3.5 Overview of the Evolution of the Molluscan Digestive System
5.4 Physiological Processes
5.4.1 Food Detection
5.4.2 Digestion and Assimilation
5.4.2.1 The Gut Environment
5.4.2.2 Extracellular and Intracellular Digestion
5.4.2.3 Digestive Enzymes
5.4.2.4 Absorption
5.4.2.5 Digestion in Aplacophorans
5.4.2.6 Digestion in Polyplacophorans
5.4.2.7 Digestion in Bivalves
5.4.2.8 Digestion in Monoplacophorans and Scaphopods
5.4.2.9 Digestion in Gastropods
5.4.2.10 Digestion in Cephalopods
5.4.3 Storage of Food Reserves
5.4.4 Intrinsic and Environmentally Induced Feeding Rhythms
5.4.4.1 Cyclical Feeding and Digestion
5.5 Absorption of Exogenous Dissolved and Particulate Carbon